Main page, oral epidemiology

Prevalence of Benign Oral Lesions,
Listed by Population Size
Click on Author(s) Name (if underlined) to See Data Table

Excludes Precancer Studies & Site-Specific Studies.

* references are with each data table
** expanded listing of Dr. Bouquot's 1986-1988 data; previously unpublished data are included

Prevalence rates (per 1,000 persons) for
oral leukoplakia, listed by date of publication

Author(s)	Year	Country	Average Age	Population Size	Rural/ Urban	# with Leukoplakia	# per 1,000
Gerry, et al.	1952	Guatemala		2,004	Rural	8	4
Mehta, et al	1961	India		4,734	Urban	166	35
Bruszt	1962	Hungary	all	5,613	Urban	202	36
Atkinson, et al.	1964	New Guinea		3,996	Rural	324	81
Pindborg, et al	1965	India	n/a	10,000	Both	150	33
Forlen, et al.	1965	New Guinea		753	Rural	128	170
Pindborg, et al	1966	India	n/a	20,000	Both	328	15
Zachariah,et al	1966	India	n/a	5,000	Rural	118	24
Pindborg, et al	1968	New Guinea	>20	1,266	Rural	56	46
Banoczy, et al.	1969	Hungary		16,322	Rural	98	06
Jussawala, Rajpal	1969	India		40,000	Rural	2,800	70
Mehta, et al	1969	India	>15	50,915	Rural	881	17
Wahi, Mital	1970	India		7,286	Rural	379	52
Chrigstrom	1970	Sweden	>18	201	Urban	6	30
Gangadarhan, Paymaster	1971	India	all	203,249	Urban	1,422	7
Knapp	1971	U.S.A.	18-25	181,338	Both	363	2
Ross, Gross	1971	U.S.A.	>18	11,884	Urban	380	32
Mehta, et al	1972	India	>15	101,761	Rural	685	7
Sonkodi, Toth	1973	Hungary		1,071	Urban	13	12
Srivastava	1973	India	>18	8,428	Rural	236	28
Grabowski	1974	Denmark	>65	557	Rural	7	13
Silverman, et al.	1976	India		57,518	Urban	2,071	36
Axell	1976	Sweden	>15	20,333	Urban	717	36
Wilsch, et al	1978	Germany		4,000	Urban	88	22
Lay, et al	1982	Burma	>15	6,000	Rural	101	17
Zhang Kui-Hua	1983	China		134,492	Rural	14,122	105
Rodriquez, et al	1983	Cuba	>20	749	Urban	16	21
Zachariah, Pindborg	1985	India	all	152,676	Rural	3,053	2-30
Zachariah, Pindborg	1985	India	all	24,000	Urban	480	20
Bouquot, Gorlin	1986	U.S.A.	>35	23,616	Both	682	29
Reichart, et al	1987	Thailand	all	1,866	Rural	21	11
Hogewind, van der Waal	1988	Netherlands	all	1,000	Urban	14	14
Banoczy, Rigo	1991	Hungary	all	7,820	Rural	104	13
Ikeda, et al	1991	Japan	all	3,131	Urban	77	25
Ikeda, et al	1995	Cambodia	>15	1,319	Urban	14	11
Prout, et al	1997	U.S.A.	>40	4,511	Urban	28	6

Average annual incidence rates (per 100,000 persons/year)
for carcinoma in situ of various head and neck anatomic
sites. Population base: males = 900,312 person-years;
females = 1,102,916 person-years).

Reference: Bouquot JE, Kurland LT, Weiland LH. Carcinoma in situ of the upper aerodigestive tract: incidence, time trends and follow-up in Rochester, Minnesota, 1935_1984. Cancer 1988; 61:1691-1698.

Average annual incidence rates (per 100,000 persons/year)
for laryngeal keratosis (leukoplakia), carcinoma in situ and
invasive carcinoma of the larynx. Population base: males =
900,312 person-years; females = 1,102,916 person-years).

References: Bouquot JE, Weiland LH, Kurland LT. Laryngeal keratosis and carcinoma in the Rochester, Minnesota population, 1935-1984. Cancer Detect Prevent 1991; 15:83-91. Bouquot JE, Gnepp DR. Laryngeal precancer -- a review of the literature, commentary and comparison with oral leukoplakia. Head Neck 1991; 13: 488-497.

Author(s) *	Year	Country	Population Size	Population Type
Knapp	1971	USA	181,338	Army recruits (young males)
Kleinman, et al.	1994	USA	39,206	School children (5-17 y/o)
Bouquot	1986	USA	23,616	Over 35 years of age
Bouquot (expanded) **	2000	USA	23,616	Over 35 years of age
Axéll	1976	Sweden	20,233	Adults
Ross, Gross	1971	USA	11,884	Over 35 years of age
Zain, et al.	1997	Malaysia	11,707	Over 25 years of age
Diaz-Guzman, Castellanos	1991	Mexico	7,292	Adults (avg. age: 32 years)
Ikeda, et al.	1995	Cambodia	5,000	Adults
Zachariah	1966	India	5,000	Adults, rural
Prout, et al.	1997	USA	4,611	Tobacco users > 40 y/o
Baciero, et al	2000	Spain	3,282	Over 65 years of age
Fatahzaden, Keno, Sirois	2000	USA	1,125	Adults
Hand, Whitehall	1986	USA	976	Elderly (nursing home)
Espinoza, et al.	2000	Chile	269	Over 65 years of age
Guggenheimer, et al.	2000	USA	673	Adults; diabetics & controls
Kovac-Kavclc, Skaleric	2000	Slovenia	555	25-75 years of age

Author(s)	Year	Country	Population Size	# Cases per 1,000 Persons
Prout, et al	1997	USA	5,000	0.2
Diaz-Guzman, Castellanos	1991	Mexico	8,000	1.9 *

Anatomic site	# New Cases/100,000/Person-Year
Anatomic site	Males	Females	Total
Lip vermilion	2.0 (1.4)*	0.2 (0.2)*	1.0 (0.8)*
Oral cavity	1.0 (0.6)	0.3 (0.3)	0.6 (0.4)
Pharynx	0.7 (0.3)	0.1 (0.1)	0.4 (0.2)
Larynx	0.8 (0.7)	0.1 (0.1)	0.4 (0.4)
Nasal/Paranasal Sinuses	0.1 (0.1)	0.0 (0.0)	0.1 (0.1)
Total:	4.6 (3.1)	0.6 (0.6)	2.4 (1.8)

Diagnosis	# New Cases/100,000 Person-Year
Diagnosis	Males	Females	Total
Keratosis (leukoplakia)	10.2	2.1	5.8
Carcinoma in situ	0.7	0.1	0.4
Invasive carcinoma	7.0	0.3	3.3

Oral Epidemiology