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Tables 22: Epidemiology of Erythroplakia & Carcinoma in situ

The following lists and tables of data have been compiled by Research Advisors of The Maxillofacial Center in the hopes that it will be useful to health professionals seeking information pertaining to diseases of the oral and maxillofacial region. References to the source of the data can be found by clicking on the "References" button associated with the table.  

Table 22a: Malignant transformation rates (%) for oral carcinoma in situ and/or severe epithelial dysplasia, ranked by sample size. Lesions appeared clinically as red, white or combined red and white macules, i.e. not all were pure erythroplakias. Cancers not arising from the site of the precancer are excluded (modified from Bouquot JE, Ephros H. Prac Perio Aesth Dent 1995; 7:59-68).

Author(s) Country # Patients Cumulative Follow-up Time Malignant Transformation Rate
Bouquot, et al (1988) @ U.S.A. 32 @@

346 yrs (m=10.8 yrs)

 15.6%
Banoczy, Csiba (1976) Hungary 23

145 yrs (m=6.3 yrs)

 21.8
Silverman, et al (1984) U.S.A. 22

162 yrs (m=7.4 yrs)

 36.0
Mincer, et al (1972) U.S.A. 16

48 yrs (m=3.0 yrs) *

 18.8
Vedtofte, et al (1987) Denmark 14

55 yrs (m=3.9 yrs)

 35.7
Amagasa, et al (1985) Japan 12 @@

120 yrs (m=10.0 yrs)

 50.0
Lumerman, et al (1995) U.S.A. 7

11 yrs (m=1.5 yrs)

 14.3%
TOTAL 126

887 years (m=7.1 yrs)

 26.3% **

    # sum total of time which lesions were collectively followed (mean follow-up times are in parentheses)
    @ the only population-based study; represents middle-class whites
@@ includes only carcinoma in situ cases
    * assumes an average follow-up time of 3 years (range=1-8 years); data not available from the report
   ** statistically weighed for different follow-up time periods and sample sizes

Table 22b: Malignant transformation rates (%) for laryngeal carcinoma in situ, as determined by all English language follow-up studies published to date, ranked by sample size (modified from Bouquot JE, Gnepp DR. Head Neck 1991; 13:488-497).

Country (Date) # Patients Malignant Transformation Rate (%)
United States (1971) 203 ## 15.8
United States (1979) 81 ## 17.0
United States (1952) 29 ## 3.5 *
United States (1977) 28 ## 7.1
Germany (1981) 27 # 63.0 **
United States (1976) 26 ## 4.0
Germany (1963) 20 ## 90.0 **
Norway (1982) 20 # 25.0
United States (1960) 18 # 11.1
United States (1963) 16 # 33.3 **
United States (1973) 12 # 7.3
Germany (1989) 6# 40.0
Total, Treated Cases 486 29.0% ***
Total, Untreated Cases 53 60.0% ***

    * includes only cancers developing in the anatomic area of the previously recorded dysplastic lesions
  ** includes only untreated cases of carcinoma in situ and severe epithelial dysplasia
*** weighed for different sample sizes, excludes untreated cases
    # includes all epithelial dysplasias: mild, moderate and severe dysplasia, and carcinoma in situ
  ## includes only severe epithelial dysplasias and carcinomas in situ