The following lists and tables of data have been compiled by Research Advisors of The Maxillofacial Center in the hopes that it will be useful to health professionals seeking information pertaining to diseases of the oral and maxillofacial region. References to the source of the data can be found by clicking on the "References" button associated with the table.
Contents:
|
Author(s) |
Country | # Pts. | Cumulative Years of Follow-up | Malignant Transformation Potential |
Annual Cancer Rate |
| Einhorn, Wersall (1967) | Sweden | 782 | 9,149 p-y (mean: 11.7yrs) |
4.0% | 0.34% |
| Banoczy (1977) | Hungary | 670 | 6,566 p-y (mean: 9.8 yrs) |
6.0 | 0.61 |
| Bouquot, et al (1988) * | U.S.A. | 463 | 6,720 p-y (mean: 11.8 yrs) |
10.3 | 0.82 |
| Roed-Peterson (1971) | Denmark | 331 | 1,423 p-y (mean: 4.3 yrs) |
3.6 | 0.82 |
| Leonardelli, Talamazzi (1950) | Italy | 268 | 1,340 p-y (mean: n/a) |
19.8 | 0.40 |
| Silverman et al (1984) | U.S.A. | 257 | 1,850 p-y (mean: n/a) |
17.5 | 0.24 |
| Pindborg, et al (1968) | Denmark | 248 | 918 p-y (mean: 3.7 yrs.) |
4.4 | 1.20 |
| Maerker, Burkhardt (1978) | Germany | 200 | 1,000 p-y (mean: 5.0 yrs) |
12.0 | 2.40 |
| Kramer, et al (1970) | England | 187 | 935 p-y (mean: n/a) |
4.8 | 0.96 |
| Sturgis, Lund (1934) | U.S.A. | 143 | 715 p-y (mean: 5.0 yrs) |
13.0 | 2.37 |
| Total | 3,549 | 30,616 person-years |
8.1% | **1.07% |
* includes 13
cases from the pharynx.
** weighed for different sample
sizes; many studies include a disproportional sampling of high risk lesions;
the overall malignant
transformation rate is usually
considered to be 4-6% when all lesions are assessed.
| Author(s) | Country | # Patients | Cumulative Follow-up Time | Malignant Transformation Rate |
| Bouquot, et al (1988) @ | U.S.A. | 32 @@ | 346 yrs (m=10.8 yrs) |
15.6% |
| Banoczy, Csiba (1976) | Hungary | 23 | 145 yrs (m=6.3 yrs) |
21.8 |
| Silverman, et al (1984) | U.S.A. | 22 | 162 yrs (m=7.4 yrs) |
36.0 |
| Mincer, et al (1972) | U.S.A. | 16 | 48 yrs (m=3.0 yrs) * |
18.8 |
| Vedtofte, et al (1987) | Denmark | 14 | 55 yrs (m=3.9 yrs) |
35.7 |
| Amagasa, et al (1985) | Japan | 12 @@ | 120 yrs (m=10.0 yrs) |
50.0 |
| Lumerman, et al (1995) | U.S.A. | 7 | 11 yrs (m=1.5 yrs) |
14.3% |
| TOTAL | 126 | 887 years (m=7.1 yrs) |
26.3% ** |
# sum total of time which
lesions were collectively followed (mean follow-up times are in parentheses)
@ the only population-based
study; represents middle-class whites
@@ includes only carcinoma in situ
cases
* assumes an average
follow-up time of 3 years (range=1-8 years); data not available from the
report
** statistically weighed
for different follow-up time periods and sample sizes
| Country (Date) | # Patients | Malignant Transformation Rate (%) |
| United States (1971) | 203 ## | 15.8 |
| United States (1979) | 81 ## | 17.0 |
| United States (1952) | 29 ## | 3.5 * |
| United States (1977) | 28 ## | 7.1 |
| Germany (1981) | 27 # | 63.0 ** |
| United States (1976) | 26 ## | 4.0 |
| Germany (1963) | 20 ## | 90.0 ** |
| Norway (1982) | 20 # | 25.0 |
| United States (1960) | 18 # | 11.1 |
| United States (1963) | 16 # | 33.3 ** |
| United States (1973) | 12 # | 7.3 |
| Germany (1989) | 6# | 40.0 |
| Total, Treated Cases | 486 | 29.0% *** |
| Total, Untreated Cases | 53 | 60.0% *** |
* includes only cancers developing in the anatomic area of
the previously recorded dysplastic lesions
** includes only untreated cases of carcinoma in situ and severe
epithelial dysplasia
*** weighed for different sample sizes, excludes untreated cases
# includes all epithelial dysplasias: mild, moderate and severe
dysplasia, and carcinoma in situ
## includes only severe epithelial dysplasias and carcinomas in situ
Table 21d: Precancerous lesions of the oral, pharyngeal and laryngeal mucosa, clinical terms only (modified from Speight PM, Farthing PM, Bouquot JE. Curr Diag Path 1996; 3:165-177).
| Disease Name Malignant Tranformation Potential | |
| Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVC) | ****** |
| Nicotine palatinus in reverse smokers # | ***** |
| Erythroplakia | ***** |
| Oral submucous fibrosis | ***** |
| Erythroleukoplakia | **** |
| Granular leukoplakia | **** |
| Laryngeal keratosis | *** |
| Actinic cheilosis | *** |
| Smooth, thick leukoplakia | ** |
| Lichen planus (erosive forms) | ** |
| Smooth, red tongue of Plummer-Vinson disease | ** |
| Smokeless tobacco keratosis | * |
| Smooth, thin leukoplakia | +/- |
# reverse smoking: smoking with the lit end of the cigarette in one's mouth