The Maxillofacial Center for Diagnostics & Research

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Tables 11: Epidemiology of oral verrucous carcinoma

Contents:

Table 11a: Relative frequency of oral verrucous carcinoma compared to all head & neck carcinomas.
Table 11b: Incidence of oral verrucous carcinoma & other H&N carcinomas in Rochester, Minnesota.
Table 11c: Age-specific iIncidence of oral verrucous carcinoma in the state of West Virginia.
Table 11d: Listing of literature references pertaining to verrucous carcinoma.

Table 11a: Relative frequency of oral verrucous carcinoma.  Histopathologic types of
upper aerodigestive tract (UAT) carcinomas diagnosed in Rochester, Minnesota residents, 1935-1984, ranked by frequency of intraoral lesions. Lesions of the major salivary glands and nasal/paranasal sinuses are excluded.

[ Return to main Table 11: Epidemiology of Verrucous Carcinoma ]

Diagnosis

Number of Lesions

Lip

Vermilion

 Intraoral

Mucosa

 Pharyngeal

Mucosa

 Laryngeal

Mucosa



Total
Squamous cell carcinoma 65 50 46 49 210
Carcinoma in situ 15 8 5 7 35
Microinvasive squamous cell carc. 7 6 3 3 19
Metastatic carcinoma to the UAT 0 4 2 0 6
Adenocarcinoma (minor glands) 1 2 4 0 7
Verrucous carcinoma 0 2 0 0 2
Lymphoepithelioma 0 1 7 0 8
Basal cell carcinoma 10 0 0 0 10
Total * 98 73 67 59 297

* no primary cases were found of malignant melanoma, spindle cell carcinoma, basaloid squamous carcinoma, or    adenosquamous carcinoma


Table 11b: Average annual incidence rates for primary invasive carcinomas of the upper aerodigestive tract in the Rochester, Minnesota population, 1935-1984, age-adjusted to the 1970 U.S. white population. Totals in right-hand column are also gender adjusted to 1970 U.S. white population.

[ Return to main Table 11: Epidemiology of Verrucous Carcinoma ]



Anatomic Site

 # Cases/100,000 person-years *
Males Females Total
 Lip vermilion 8.2 (74)** 0.8 (9) ** 4.1 (83)**
 Intraoral mucosa 5.4 (38) 2.1 (23) 3.6 (61)
    Verrucous carcinoma (oral) 0.2 (2) 0.0 (0) 0.1 (2)
 Pharyngeal mucosa 5.2 (38) 2.0 (22) 3.4 (60)
 Laryngeal mucosa 7.0 (49) 0.3 (3) 3.3 (52)
 Nasal/Paranasal sinuses 0.7 (6) 0.6 (6) 0.7 (12)
 Major salivary glands 1.1 (11) 1.3 (13) 1.3 (24)
 All primary carcinomas 30.0 (216) 7.2 (76) 17.3 (292)

     * population base: 900,312 person-years for males, 1,102,916 person-years for females
  ** numbers in parentheses represent actual number of cases, not incidence rates; carcinomas
      in situ and metastases to the upper aerodigestive tract are excluded from the above data

Table 11c: Age-specific annual incidence rates for verrucous carcinoma in the West Virginia population, 1993-1995, representing 5,465,598 person-years at risk. Numbers of cases were too small for meaningful rates according to gender.


[ Return to main Table 11: Epidemiology of Verrucous Carcinoma ]

Age

 # Cases # Cases/100,000 person-years
0-24 years 0 0.00
25-34 years 1 0.14
35-44years 1 0.12
45-54 years 0 0.00
55-64 years 4 0.76
65-74 years 4 0.84
75+ years 7 1.95
Total: 17 0.28 *

    * age-adjusted to the 1970 U.S. white population

Table 11d: Literature reports of oral verrucous carcinoma,
listed in chronologic order by topics.

[ Return to main Table 11: Epidemiology of Verrucous Carcinoma ]

Clinicopathologic review of series of cases:

McCoy JM, Waldron CA. Verrucous carcinoma of the oral cavity: a review of forty-nine cases. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1981; 52:623-629.

Medina JE, Dichtel W, Luna MA. Verrucous-squamous carcinomas of the oral cavity: a clinicopathologic study of 104 cases. Arch Otolaryngol 1984; 110:437-440.

Tornes K, et al. Oral verrucous carcinoma. Int J Oral Surg 1985; 14:485-492.

Kamath VV, et al. Oral verrucous carcinoma: an analysis of 37 cases. J Craniomaxillofac Surg 1989; 17:309-314.

Reviews & textbook discussions of oral verrucous carcinoma:

Luna MA, Tortoledo ME. Verrucous carcinoma. In: Gnepp DR. ed. Pathology of the Head and Neck. London: Churchill Livingstone Inc, 1988:497-515.

Neville, BW, Damm DD, Allen CM et al. Oral and maxillofacial pathology. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders; 1995:304-306.

Odell EW, Morgan R. Biopsy pathology of the oral tissues. London: Chapman & Hall Medical, 1998:229-233.

Etiologic factors for oral verrucous carcinoma:

Turner JE, Hodge SJ, Callen JP. Verrucous carcinoma in a renal transplant patient after long term immunosuppression. Arch Dermatol 1980; 116:1074-1076.

Fisker AV, Philipsen HP. Verrucous hyperplasia and verrucous carcinoma of the rat oral mucosa. Experimental carcinogenesis using 4-nitroguinoline 1-oxide. Acta Pathol Microbiol Immunol Scand 1984; 92A:437-445.

Eisenberg E, Rosenberg B, Krutchkoff DJ. Verrucous carcinoma: a possible viral pathogenesis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1985; 59:52-57.

Shroyer KR, Greer RO, Frankhouser CA, et al. Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in oral verrucous carcinomas by polymerase chain reaction. Mod Pathol 1993; 6:669-672.

Association with proliferative verrucous leukoplakia.

Kahn MA, Dockter ME, Hermann-Petrin JM. Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia. Four cases with flow cytometry analysis. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1994; 78:469-475.

Murrah VA, Batsakis JG. Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia and verrucous hyperplasia. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 1994; 103:660-663.

Incidence of oral verrucous carcinoma.

Bouquot JE. Epidemiology. In: Gnepp DR (ed). Pathology of the head and neck. Philadelphia, Churchill-Livingstone; 1988: 263-314.

Bouquot JE, Kurland LT. Weiland LH. Incidence of oral verrucous carcinoma in a U.S. community with minimal smokeless tobacco consumption. J Oral Pathol Med 1996; 25:271.

Bouquot JE. Oral verrucous carcinoma in two U.S. populations. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 1998; 86:________.

[ Return to main Table 11: Epidemiology of Verrucous Carcinoma ]